- Population:
- 45,696,000
- Religion:
- Christianity
Argentina's history is marked by indigenous cultures prior to European contact. Spanish colonization began in the 16th century, leading to the establishment of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. In 1816, Argentina declared independence, followed by internal conflicts and territorial expansion. The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw economic prosperity and significant European immigration. Political instability characterized much of the 20th century, culminating in a return to democracy in 1983. Today, Argentina is known for its cultural contributions and diverse landscapes.
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is located in South America, bordered by Chile to the west, Bolivia and Paraguay to the north, Brazil to the northeast, Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. It is the eighth-largest country in the world, covering approximately 2.78 million square kilometers. As of recent estimates, Argentina has a population of about 45 million people. The capital and largest city is Buenos Aires. The official language is Spanish. Argentina's diverse geography includes the Andes mountains, Pampas plains, and Patagonian desert. The country gained independence from Spain in 1816. Its economy is diverse, with key sectors including agriculture, manufacturing, and services. Argentina is a member of the United Nations, the G20, and the Union of South American Nations.