Canada

Canada is the second-largest country in the world by land area, covering approximately 9.98 million square kilometers. It is located in the northern part of North America, bordered by the United States to the south and northwest (Alaska), with coastlines on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans. As of 2023, Canada has a population of about 38 million people. The capital city is Ottawa, while the largest city is Toronto. The official languages are English and French. Canada operates as a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch as the head of state. The economy is highly developed, with key sectors including natural resources, manufacturing, and services. Canada is a member of international organizations such as the United Nations, the G7, the G20, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).