Estonia

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe, bordered by the Gulf of Finland to the north, the Baltic Sea to the west, Latvia to the south, and Russia to the east. Covering an area of approximately 45,339 square kilometers, Estonia has a population of about 1.3 million people as of 2023. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. The official language is Estonian, a Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish. Estonia operates as a unitary parliamentary republic. The economy is advanced and high-income, with key sectors including information technology, telecommunications, and electronics. Estonia is renowned for its digital society, being the first country to allow online voting in elections and offering e-residency to non-citizens. The country is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the United Nations. Estonia regained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and has since developed a robust democratic system and market economy.