- Population:
- 18,406,000
- Religion:
- Christianity
Guatemala was home to the ancient Maya civilization before Spanish conquest in the 16th century. It gained independence in 1821 but experienced political instability, including military rule and civil war (1960–1996). Since the peace accords, Guatemala has focused on economic growth, though challenges such as poverty, crime, and corruption remain significant.
Guatemala, officially the Republic of Guatemala, is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, Belize to the northeast, Honduras to the east, El Salvador to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. It covers an area of approximately 108,889 square kilometers and has a population of about 18 million people as of 2023. The capital and largest city is Guatemala City. The official language is Spanish, with 24 indigenous languages also recognized. Guatemala operates as a representative democratic republic. The economy is diverse, with key sectors including agriculture (notably coffee, sugar, and bananas), manufacturing, and tourism. Guatemala is known for its rich Mayan heritage, evident in numerous archaeological sites like Tikal, and its vibrant indigenous cultures. The country is a member of the United Nations, the Organization of American States, and the Central American Integration System.
